Device for injecting, pulverizing, and vaporizing fuel in internalcombustion engines



Maw 9 EWQGO 1,586,006

F. RQ

I CHEFORT DEVICE FOR INJECTI PULVERIZING, AND V RIZING FUEL IN IN NAL COSTION ENGI Filed April 1923 Patented May 25, 1926.

UNITED STATES" PATENTOFFICE.

FRANQOIS ROCHEFOBT, OF PARIS, Fm

DEVICE FOR INJ'EG'IEN'G, 1ULVEBIZING,, AND VAPORIZING FUILIN COMBUSTIONENGINES. 7

Application filed'lpril 30, 1923. Serial No. 685,788.

The present invention relates to fuel pulverizing and vaporizinginjectors for internal combustion engines, of the type in which thepressure of the liquid fuel itself is l utilized for lifting from itsseat the fuel injection valve or the like, which likewise forms thevalve for the compressed air or compressed gas serving for thedifi'usion of the liquid fuel, by the pressure of the liquid 10 fuelacting upon a piston connected to, and forming part of said needlevalve.

The device in accordance with my invention is characterized by the factthat the liquid fuel is admitted by a passage of'very small crosssectional area, between the cylindrical external surface of this needlevalve and the cylindrical bore in which the needle valve isdisplaceable, so as to obtain a constant cross sectional area of passagefor the liquid fuel, with a view to ensure its flattening, before itsmixture with the diffusing air or other gas under pressure, whatever bethe quantity of liquid fuel adupon the verizer comprises two members aand e and the membera is adapted to be mounted in the cylinder head ofthe engine and terminates in a conical portion a forming a nozzle andcomprises internally a cylindri- '40 cal bore a.

I This member a of, the body comprises on one side the inlet d for thesu ply of fuel under. pressure, and on the ot er side the inlet c forthe supply ofcompressed air.

Within the member a of the body is located the member e, held in placetherein by a rin -nut i screwed into t e member a..

7 is member e comprisesa conical seat k and below the-latter acylindrical bore k.

Within the member '0 is arran d-a needle valve, which comprises a cylinrical art Z",

a conical portion l, corresponding to t eseat k and,.below this conicalportion l, is 'arranged a cylindrical member m connected guiding ribs27*. This stem is hollowed out serves at the same time as a sto ,valve.mitted. The flattening of the liquid fuel which of the obliquity of thegrooves in, agyratory therewith and forming a piston the externaldiameter of which corresponds as accurately as possible to the internaldiameter of the cylindrical bore 70 of the member c. It is quite obviousthat the members a and e of the body could if desired Be made in onepiece although it might be quite impractical, the arrangement as shownhaving for its object merely to facilitate and show a practical manner"for the manufacture of the body. Upon the periphery of this member mare formed small grooves m, which are sealed by the portion 1 when thelatter rests upon its seat It. The needle-valve extends upwards in theform of a stem Z provided with m internally so as to accomodate a spring11.

which presses at one end upon th bottom of the hollow interior of thenle-valve and at the other end upon a plug 0 which for the e needlestem Zin order to. limit rise of I Fuel is delivered through a port d tobeneath the piston m; compressed air passes between the ribs 1 to abovetheportion Z and is held up thereby. An annular groove k is cut in theseat is, to communicate through ports is with grooves is formed in theconical extremity of the member e;

groovesare formed on oblique or helical lines. 4

The operation of this device is as follows: Under the pressureof thefuel delivered by the injection pump, the piston m is lifted raisingwith it the valve, which is lifted from its seat is. The liquid fuelthen travels along the grooves m cut on the external surface of thepiston m and into the annular groove is, where it mixes withthecompressed air, admitted by the valve being lifted from its seat, Ths mixture flows through the ports in and the grooves Ii into the nozzlea and assumes as a result motion which produces an intimate mixture 103of the fluids. The very small quantity of fuel, which may pamf by reasonof leakages between the piston m and the cylindrical bore reaches theannular groove is and is carried off by the comp air, and mixestherewith.

When the injection of fuel ceases, the needle-valve is returned to its.seat by the combined action of the compressed air and of the spring 11,or else b the pressure of the compressed air'alone i this be sufiicient.Orifices Z are formed at the lower endof the hollow stem l of theneedle-valve in order that fuel ma never be able to 'accumulate therein.rifices 2' formed at the upper part of the stem Z allow the compressedair always to exertits pressure upon the whole area ofthe valve Z so asto'ensure the rapidity of closing of this valve.

What I claim is 1. In a device for injecting, pulverizing and vaporizingfuel for internal combustion en 'nes, comprising a body, outlet in theb0 y, a needle valve member displaceable in the body, separate inletmeans 1n the body for supplying fuel and gas under pressure to theneedle valve member, which is arranged to control the inlet of both fueland gas under pressure. and to open communication between the inletsandthe outlet through its displacements relatively to the body, means formoving the needle-valve member relatively to the body through pressureexerted by fuel. on the needle-va1ve member to thus allow inlet offueland gas under pressure, and means for movin the needlevalve member'inthe opposite irection for cutting off the inlet of fuel and gas underpressure, the provision of a piston in the body and forming part of theneedle-valve member and arranged to receive the pressure of .the liquidfuel under pressure, a cylin-.

drical bore in the body for receiving the piston, and through-waypassage means of very small cross sectional area between the piston andthe cylindrical bore in the body, for permitting a flow of fuel.

2. In a device for injecting, pulverizing and vaporizing fuel forinternal combustion engines, comprising a body, outlet in the body, aneedle valve member displaceable in the body, separate inlet means inthe body for supplying fuel and gas under pressure to the needle valvemember, which is arranged to control inlet of both fuel and gas underpressure and to open communication between the inlets and the outletthrough its displacements relatively to the body, means for moving theneedle-valve member relatively to the body through pressure exerted byfuel on the needle-valve member and thus allow inlet of the fuel and gasunder pressure, and means for movin the needle-valve member. in theopposite irection for cutting off inlet of fuel and gas under pressure,the'provision of a piston in the body forming part of the needle-valvemember and arranged to receive the pressure of the liquid fuel underpressure, a cylindrical bore in the body for receivi the piston, thepiston having an external. diameter cor-- responding as accurately aspossible to the internal diameter of the cylindrical bore in the .body,and small through-way grooves between the piston and the cylindricalbore, for permitting discharge of fuel through the body outlet.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

- FRANQOIS ROCHPFORT.

